b2科目四模拟试题多少题驾考考爆了怎么补救
b2科目四模拟试题多少题 驾考考爆了怎么补救

qualify exam_medical exam 18_qualify exam知乎(3)

电脑杂谈  发布时间:2017-05-26 23:04:10  来源:网络整理

。。 chronic dehydration and salt wasting. (从理论缺陷推理,论证为什么你提出的理论能够解释。此处省略xx字,以后我还要留来写grant呢)However, few studies havefocused on the relationship of lithium-induced NDI and the claudins in the distalrenal tubules.(过场白)The long-term goal of this proposal isto better understand the pathophysiological role of paracellular pathway in acquiredrenal tubular water and electrolytes disorder. In addition, by exploring theregulatory effect of Li on claudin, we are able to utilize Li or Li mimickingagents as a way to regulate paracellular permeability and develop new drugs. (长远目标,也就是说为什么做这个很有用)

这一段最考功夫的是掌握多少“已知”和如何组织这些已知来推理未知。我一开始先看了一篇最新的Review,然后专门看unanswered questions,之后在引文里面一条条顺藤摸瓜,把已知描出个大概。推理未知的过程我用的是还原到基本理论的方法,举个例子,NDI多尿,多尿原因是AQP-2表达被Li抑制了,但是水重吸收靠的是什么呢?除了水通道之外,还需要有渗透压差。qualify exam那渗透压差是怎么产生的呢?溶质主动转运然后累积在肾髓质。但是为什么这么高的浓度梯度,肾髓质的溶质不往回漏呢?因为有tight junction啊,那万一tight junction受损了???新的hypothesis就出现了!(不能再往下讲了,我还要靠它写grant呢)

(字数太多了,只能分两篇发,见下篇)


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