O_NONBLOCK enable:调用返回-1,errno值为EAGAIN
管道是一块内存缓冲区,可以写个小程序测试一下管道的容量Pipe Capacity:
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<signal.h>
#define ERR_EXIT(m) \
do { \
perror(m); \
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \
} while(0)
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
int pipefd[2];
if (pipe(pipefd) == -1)
ERR_EXIT("pipe error");
int ret;
int count = 0;
int flags = fcntl(pipefd[1], F_GETFL);
fcntl(pipefd[1], F_SETFL, flags | O_NONBLOCK); // 设置为非阻塞
while (1)
{
ret = write(pipefd[1], "A", 1);
if (ret == -1)
{
printf("err=%s\n", strerror(errno));
break;
}
count++;
}
printf("count=%d\n", count); //管道容量
return 0;
}程序中将写端文件描述符标志设置为非阻塞,当管道被写满时不会等待其他进程读取数据,而是直接返回-1并置errno,输出如下:huangcheng@ubuntu:~$ ./a.out err=Resource temporarily unavailable count=65536打印了错误码,可以看到管道的容量是64kB,man 7 pipe中也有提到在2.6.11内核以前是4096,现在是65536。sigpipe
三、如果所有管道读端对应的文件描述符被关闭(管道读端的引用计数等于0),则write操作会产生SIGPIPE信号,默认终止当前进程
示例代码如下:
#include<sys/types.h>
#include<sys/stat.h>
#include<unistd.h>
#include<fcntl.h>
#include<stdio.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include<errno.h>
#include<string.h>
#include<signal.h>
#define ERR_EXIT(m) \
do { \
perror(m); \
exit(EXIT_FAILURE); \
} while(0)
void handler(int sig)
{
printf("recv sig=%d\n", sig);
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
signal(SIGPIPE, handler);
int pipefd[2];
if (pipe(pipefd) == -1)
ERR_EXIT("pipe error");
pid_t pid;
pid = fork();
if (pid == -1)
ERR_EXIT("fork error");
if (pid == 0)
{
close(pipefd[0]);
exit(EXIT_SUCCESS);
}
close(pipefd[0]);
sleep(1);
int ret = write(pipefd[1], "hello", 5);
if (ret == -1)
{
printf("err=%s\n", strerror(errno));
}
return 0;
}输出测试:
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